Only some types of rat and mouse can transmit the virus that causes HPS to people. The virus is contracted through the inhalation of rodent droppings (urine and feces) and saliva. However, transmission may also occur in urban areas. TransmissionĬases of human hantavirus infection usually occur in rural areas (forests, fields, farms, etc.), where rodents hosting the virus may be found. However, retro-analysis of the disease reveals cases from as early as 1959. The disease was initially detected in the Region in 1993, when an epidemic led to 27 cases in the southeast area of the United States. Symptoms of HPS may develop up to 42 days -and in some cases up to 56 days- after exposure, making it difficult to identify the exact source of infection. The most common clinical form of the disease in the region is Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) which can lead to death. It takes its name from the Hantaan river in South Korea, where it was originally discovered in 1978. It is characterized by symptoms of fever, myalgia, and gastrointestinal complaints, followed by sudden onset of respiratory distress and hypotension. The agent responsible for the disease comes from the Hantavirus genus, from the Bunyaviridae family. Hantavirus (HV) is an emerging zoonotic disease transmitted by rodents such as mice and rats. It can be prevented by reducing contact with rodents and their excrement, as well as through hygienic practices to prevent rodent infestations in the home, workplace and recreation areas.Early diagnostic may reduce fatality rates by half.From 1993, when the virus was initially recognized, until 2016, more than 6300 cases have been registered in countries of the region where the disease is under surveillance.Every year, there are approximately 300 cases reported in the Americas.At least 13 countries in the Americas have endemic areas.
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